Hasan Ibn al-Haytham was the father of modern optics. the founder of modern optics. The prevailing Greek theory at the time held that light emanated from the eye to see objects, but he proved that light reflects from objects and enters the eye. His revolutionary theory gave rise to the modern camera, or the “camera obscura”. His immortal work, ‘Kitab al-Manazir’ It was a textbook in European universities for several centuries. He was the first scientist to practise science not just in theory, but through hands-on experimentation (the Scientific Method).
Reference: Kitab al-Manazir (The Book of Optics), History of Science (George Sarton).